Texas general election: November 3, 2026
Who is running for U.S. House, Texas District 31 in 2026?
Here are the candidates for U.S. House, Texas District 31 on the November 3, 2026 ballot. This race is on the ballot for voters in U.S. House District 31.
Positions come only from each candidate's own votes, official actions, statements and questionnaire answers, never from party labels. Every item links to its source.
Side by side
Each candidate's position on the issues this office handles, from their own record. Details and sources are in each profile below.
| Issue | John CarterRepublican | Justin EarlyDemocrat | Greg StokerGreen |
|---|---|---|---|
| Income taxes | Cut taxes across the board, including for top earners and corporationsSaid · medium | Cut taxes mainly for middle and lower earnersSaid · low | No public position |
| National debt | Cut most spending but protect Social Security and MedicareSaid · medium | No public position | No public position |
| Social Security | No single answer fits; see evidence | Expand benefits and fund it with higher taxes on the wealthySaid · medium | No public position |
| Safety net programs | Keep them, but add work requirements for able-bodied adultsVoted · medium | No public position | No public position |
| Healthcare | Private insurance with more competition and price transparency, keeping protections for pre-existing conditionsSaid · medium | Government-run coverage for everyone (Medicare for All)Questionnaire answer · medium | Government-run coverage for everyone (Medicare for All)Said · low |
| Abortion | Illegal, except to save the mother's life or in cases of rape or incestSaid · low | No public position | No public position |
| Guns | Keep current laws and enforce what is already on the booksSaid · medium | No public position | No public position |
| Immigration | Secure the border first; deport those with criminal records; keep legal immigration steadySaid · high | No single answer fits; see evidence | No public position |
| Trade and tariffs | Mostly free trade with a few protectionsSaid · low | No public position | No public position |
| Foreign policy | A strong military; help allies only when it clearly serves U.S. interestsSaid · medium | No public position | Pull back from foreign conflicts and aid (often called America First)Said · medium |
| Energy and climate | All of the above: oil, gas, nuclear and renewables, and let markets pickSaid · medium | No single answer fits; see evidence | No public position |
| Politicians trading stocks | No, ban it for members and their spousesVoted · medium | No public position | No public position |
| Supreme Court reform | No public position | Add term limits and ethics rules, and expand the Court beyond nine seatsQuestionnaire answer · low | No public position |
| Qualified immunity | No single answer fits; see evidence | Narrow it so more lawsuits can go forward, with a good-faith defenseQuestionnaire answer · medium | No public position |
| Mandatory minimums | Add or lengthen them for serious crimes like fentanyl traffickingVoted · medium | No public position | No public position |
| Paid leave | No single answer fits; see evidence | Create a national paid family and medical leave program plus paid sick daysSaid · medium | No public position |
| Student loans | Cap borrowing, simplify repayment, and skip broad forgivenessVoted · medium | No public position | No public position |
| AI regulation | No public position | Federal safety rules for powerful AI, with states free to add moreSaid · medium | No public position |
| E-Verify mandate | Require it for all employersVoted · medium | No public position | No public position |
| Transgender athletes | No, and Congress should set a biological sex rule nationwideSaid · high | No public position | No public position |
| Aid to Israel | Keep full aid without new conditionsSaid · high | No public position | No public position |
John Carter
Republican · IncumbentU.S. Representative, Texas District 31
John Carter has represented Texas's 31st Congressional District since it was created after the 2000 census and is Texas's third longest serving U.S. House member2. Before Congress he was judge of the 277th District Court in Williamson County, and he chairs the House Appropriations subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans Affairs3. He won the March 3, 2026 Republican primary with about 60 percent of the vote2.
Where they stand 25 issues · tap any issue for the evidence
ImmigrationSecure the border first; deport those with criminal records; keep legal immigration steadyhigh
Said · high confidence- Voted against the American Dream and Promise Act, which offered a path to citizenship for Dreamers. (2021-03-18) source
- Voted against the Farm Workforce Modernization Act, which offered legal status to long-time farmworkers. (2021-03-18) source
- Voted for the Secure the Border Act, which funded border wall construction, tightened asylum rules and required E-Verify. (2023-05-11) source
- Voted for the Secure America Act, which provides about $70 billion for immigration enforcement and border security through 2029. (2026-06-09) source
- His campaign site says he fully supports President Trump's actions to close the border to illegal immigration and deport criminal aliens. (2026-09) source
- His official House website (undated page, accessed Sept 2026) says immigration policy begins with securing the border, that people who break immigration laws should not be granted citizenship ahead of legal applicants, and that the U.S. needs an accountable temporary worker program. (2026-09) source
Aid to IsraelKeep full aid without new conditionshigh
Said · high confidence- Voted for the $26 billion Israel security supplemental with no new conditions on weapons use. (2024-04-20) source
- Voted for the Israel Security Assistance Support Act, which would require delivery of weapons to Israel that the administration had paused. (2024-05-16) source
- After his Georgetown office was vandalized over his support for an Israel aid bill, said he stands unequivocally with Israel. (2024-04-22) source
Transgender athletesNo, and Congress should set a biological sex rule nationwidehigh
Said · high confidence- Voted for the Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act, a federal rule basing girls' and women's school sports eligibility on sex at birth. (2023-04-20) source
- Voted for the Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act, a federal rule basing girls' and women's school sports eligibility on sex at birth. (2025-01-14) source
- His campaign site says he supports legislation that prevents biological males from competing in girls' and women's athletics. (2026-09) source
Energy and climateAll of the above: oil, gas, nuclear and renewables, and let markets pickmedium
Said · medium confidence- Voted against the Inflation Reduction Act, which used tax credits and incentives to speed a shift to cleaner energy. (2022-08-12) source
- Voted for the Lower Energy Costs Act, which expanded oil, gas and mineral production and sped up permits for energy projects. (2023-03-30) source
- His official House website (undated page, accessed Sept 2026) says he believes in an all of the above energy strategy that uses wind, solar, geothermal and ethanol while maximizing production and use of oil, coal and natural gas. (2026-09) source
National debtCut most spending but protect Social Security and Medicaremedium
Said · medium confidence- His official House website (undated page, accessed Sept 2026) says federal spending must be reduced, but not at the expense of programs like Social Security and Medicare. (2026-09) source
- His campaign site describes him as a fiscal conservative who believes in balanced budgets and limited government. (2026-09) source
GunsKeep current laws and enforce what is already on the booksmedium
Said · medium confidence- Voted against the Assault Weapons Ban of 2022. (2022-07-29) source
- His official House website (undated page, accessed Sept 2026) says he supports protecting lawful gun owners' right to purchase firearms while also supporting fixes to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System so prohibited buyers cannot get guns. (2026-09) source
- His campaign site says the right to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed and that he has voted against every attempt to restrict gun ownership or create backdoor registries. (2026-09) source
HealthcarePrivate insurance with more competition and price transparency, keeping protections for pre-existing conditionsmedium
Said · medium confidence- Voted for the Lower Health Care Premiums for All Americans Act, which expanded association health plans and required drug middleman (PBM) price transparency. (2025-12-17) source
- Voted against restoring the enhanced Affordable Care Act premium tax credits for three years. (2026-01-08) source
- His official House website (undated page, accessed Sept 2026) says people with preexisting conditions should be covered and patients should choose their own physician, pharmacy and services; it also says he supported the 2017 bill to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act and calls for tort reform. (2026-09) source
Income taxesCut taxes across the board, including for top earners and corporationsmedium
Said · medium confidence- Voted against the Inflation Reduction Act, which set a 15% minimum tax on large corporations to help pay for energy and health programs. (2022-08-12) source
- Voted for the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which made the 2017 individual tax cuts permanent, including the 37% top rate, and extended business tax breaks. (2025-07-03) source
- His campaign site says he proudly supported President Trump's Working Families Tax Cut. (2026-09) source
- His official House website (undated page, accessed Sept 2026) says he proudly supported the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which reduced tax rates for most Americans. (2026-09) source
Foreign policyA strong military; help allies only when it clearly serves U.S. interestsmedium
Said · medium confidence- His campaign site says he believes in peace through strength, supports rebuilding the military, and will put America's security above the global interests of bureaucrats and foreign governments. (2026-09) source
Safety net programsKeep them, but add work requirements for able-bodied adultsmedium
Voted · medium confidenceE-Verify mandateRequire it for all employersmedium
Voted · medium confidence- Voted for the Secure the Border Act, which would require all employers to use E-Verify. (2023-05-11) source
Mandatory minimumsAdd or lengthen them for serious crimes like fentanyl traffickingmedium
Voted · medium confidence- Voted for the HALT Fentanyl Act, which permanently classifies fentanyl-related substances as Schedule I and applies mandatory minimum sentences to trafficking them. (2023-05-25) source
- Voted for the HALT Fentanyl Act, which permanently classifies fentanyl-related substances as Schedule I and applies mandatory minimum sentences to trafficking them. (2025-06-12) source
Student loansCap borrowing, simplify repayment, and skip broad forgivenessmedium
Politicians trading stocksNo, ban it for members and their spousesmedium
Voted · medium confidence- Voted for the Stop Insider Trading Act, which bars members of Congress, their spouses and dependents from buying new individual stocks. (2026-07-22) source
AbortionIllegal, except to save the mother's life or in cases of rape or incestlow
Said · low confidence- Voted against the Women's Health Protection Act, which would protect abortion access nationwide before viability. (2021-09-24) source
- Voted against the Women's Health Protection Act of 2022, which would protect abortion access nationwide before viability. (2022-07-15) source
- His official House website describes him as a strong supporter of the pro-life movement who opposes using taxpayer dollars to fund abortions. (2026-09) source
Trade and tariffsMostly free trade with a few protectionslow
Said · low confidence- His official House website (undated page, accessed Sept 2026) says he strongly supported the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement and notes that many district jobs rely on trade with North American partners. (2026-09) source
Social SecurityNo single answer fitsmedium
Said · medium confidence- His official House website (undated page, accessed Sept 2026) says Social Security and Medicare must remain strong and intact, supports eliminating the Windfall Elimination Provision and Government Pension Offset, and supports preserving the current Medicare program for those 55 and older. (2026-09) source
RedistrictingNo single answer fitslow
Voted · low confidence- Voted against the For the People Act, which would require independent redistricting commissions. (2021-03-03) source
Campaign financeNo single answer fitslow
Voted · low confidence- Voted against the For the People Act, which created public matching funds for campaigns and stricter donor disclosure. (2021-03-03) source
Qualified immunityNo single answer fitslow
Voted · low confidence- Voted against the George Floyd Justice in Policing Act, which would end qualified immunity for police officers. (2021-03-03) source
Childcare and pre-KNo single answer fitslow
Voted · low confidence- Voted against the Build Back Better Act, which funded free universal pre-K and expanded childcare aid. (2021-11-19) source
Paid leaveNo single answer fitslow
Voted · low confidence- Voted against the Build Back Better Act, which created a national paid family and medical leave program. (2021-11-19) source
Drug pricesNo single answer fitslow
Voted · low confidence- Voted against the Affordable Insulin Now Act, which would cap insulin costs at $35 a month. (2022-03-31) source
MarijuanaNo single answer fitslow
Voted · low confidence- Voted against the MORE Act, which would legalize marijuana federally and clear past convictions. (2022-04-01) source
Aid to UkraineNo single answer fitslow
Voted · low confidence
No public position found on: Minimum wage, Business regulation, Judges, Term limits, Electoral College, Supreme Court reform, Death penalty, AI regulation, Kids online, School vaccines, Nuclear power, Birthright citizenship, DEI programs, Religion in schools, China policy.
Justin Early
DemocratPrivate citizen
Justin Early is a Georgetown resident and Army veteran who served as a paratrooper at Fort Bragg and later worked on Pentagon network systems after the September 11 attacks12. He works as a cybersecurity architect at Dell Technologies and previously served as a Democratic precinct chair in Tarrant County12. He is the Democratic nominee for Texas's 31st Congressional District3.
Where they stand 9 issues · tap any issue for the evidence
Social SecurityExpand benefits and fund it with higher taxes on the wealthymedium
Said · medium confidence- His campaign site says he would remove the Social Security payroll tax income cap, expand benefits, oppose privatization and fight efforts to raise the retirement age. (2026-09) source
Paid leaveCreate a national paid family and medical leave program plus paid sick daysmedium
Said · medium confidence- His campaign site says he would 'guarantee paid leave for all,' guarantee paid family leave and bereavement leave, and ensure no one loses their job because they are sick. (2026-09) source
HealthcareGovernment-run coverage for everyone (Medicare for All)medium
Questionnaire answer · medium confidence- Said in a candidate interview that he supports any system that gets the country to universal, publicly funded health care regardless of income or employment. (2026-01-26) source
AI regulationFederal safety rules for powerful AI, with states free to add moremedium
Said · medium confidence- His campaign site says he would pass legislation setting ethical guidelines for AI, regulating AI in hiring, banning AI from nuclear launch and lethal decisions, and requiring tech companies to explain how their AI systems behave. (2026-09) source
Qualified immunityNarrow it so more lawsuits can go forward, with a good-faith defensemedium
Questionnaire answer · medium confidence- Said in a candidate interview that qualified immunity too often shields misconduct from accountability and that federal standards are needed. (2026-01-26) source
Income taxesCut taxes mainly for middle and lower earnerslow
Said · low confidence- His campaign site says he would 'lower taxes for everyday Americans' and 'shift the tax burden off working families and onto those who can afford it.' (2026-09) source
Supreme Court reformAdd term limits and ethics rules, and expand the Court beyond nine seatslow
Questionnaire answer · low confidence- Said in a January 2026 candidate interview that 'Supreme Court reform, including expansion or term limits, is needed.' (2026-01-26) source
ImmigrationNo single answer fitsmedium
Said · medium confidence- His campaign site says he would protect Dreamers from deportation permanently, streamline the path to citizenship for those pursuing legal immigration, end private immigration detention, and focus enforcement on real threats. (2026-09) source
Energy and climateNo single answer fitslow
Questionnaire answer · low confidence- Said in a candidate interview that meeting rising energy demand with cleaner energy is essential. (2026-01-26) source
No public position found on: National debt, Safety net programs, Minimum wage, Business regulation, Abortion, Guns, Trade and tariffs, Foreign policy, Judges, Politicians trading stocks, Marijuana, Redistricting, Term limits, Campaign finance, Electoral College, Death penalty, Mandatory minimums, Drug prices, Childcare and pre-K, Student loans, Kids online, School vaccines, Nuclear power, Birthright citizenship, E-Verify mandate, Transgender athletes, DEI programs, Religion in schools, Aid to Israel, Aid to Ukraine, China policy.
Greg Stoker
GreenPrivate citizen
Greg Stoker is a former U.S. Army Ranger and Afghanistan combat veteran who later became an anti-war activist, writer and podcast host12. He is the Green Party of Texas nominee for the 31st Congressional District34. In October 2025 he was detained by Israeli forces while traveling with the Global Sumud Flotilla, which was attempting to deliver aid to Gaza, and was later released2.
Where they stand 2 issues · tap any issue for the evidence
Foreign policyPull back from foreign conflicts and aid (often called America First)medium
Said · medium confidence- His campaign site calls for no new wars, says war should be the very last resort, and argues for an 'Americans first' foreign policy that redirects money to needs at home. (2026-09) source
HealthcareGovernment-run coverage for everyone (Medicare for All)low
Said · low confidence- His campaign site says every Texan deserves affordable, comprehensive healthcare coverage and calls for 'comprehensive universal health coverage.' (2026-09) source
No public position found on: Income taxes, National debt, Social Security, Safety net programs, Minimum wage, Business regulation, Abortion, Guns, Immigration, Trade and tariffs, Energy and climate, Judges, Politicians trading stocks, Marijuana, Redistricting, Term limits, Campaign finance, Electoral College, Supreme Court reform, Death penalty, Qualified immunity, Mandatory minimums, Drug prices, Childcare and pre-K, Paid leave, Student loans, AI regulation, Kids online, School vaccines, Nuclear power, Birthright citizenship, E-Verify mandate, Transgender athletes, DEI programs, Religion in schools, Aid to Israel, Aid to Ukraine, China policy.
Last reviewed 2026-10-19. Spotted something wrong? Every claim links to its source so you can check it yourself.